My Home of Yesteryear - Descriptive Essay

In this descriptive essay, student Mary White imaginatively recreates her childhood home in the country. My Home of Yesteryear by Mary White Situated on the bend of a horseshoe-shaped dirt road that intersects a back country highway is the place I called home as a child. Here my elderly father raised his two girls without the help or companionship of a wife. The house is set back about 200 feet from the road, and as we saunter up the narrow dirt pathway, lined with neat rows of flamboyant orange gladiolas on each side, the tidy appearance of the small, unpainted frame house entices us to enter. Up the steps and onto the porch, we cant help but notice a high-backed rocker on one side and a bench worn smooth by age on the other. Both remind us of the many vesper hours spent here in the absence of modern-day entertainment. Turning the door knob and entering the parlor is like taking a step back in time. There is no lock on the door and no curtains on the windows, only shades yellowed with age, to be pulled down at night--as if you needed privacy out here in the boondocks. Dads big over-stuffed armchair is set beside the well-stocked bookcase where he enjoys passing a hot afternoon with a good book. His bed, an old army cot, serves as a couch when company comes. One lone plaque with the words Home, Sweet Home adorns the wall over the mantelpiece. Just to the left is a doorway, minus a door, beckoning us to investigate the aroma drifting our way. As we step into the kitchen we are overtaken by the rich smell of freshly baked bread. Dad is removing the loaves from the belly of Old Bessie, our coal-burning cookstove. He leaves them to cool in neat rows on our homemade plank table. Turning toward the back door, we see an honest-to-goodness ice box, and yes, theres a genuine silver quarter for the ice man to take in exchange for 50 pounds of dripping ice. I can picture him now as he snatches the tongs tightly into the frozen block, causing tiny slivers of sparkling ice to fly everywhere. Swinging it down off the back of his chug-a-lug of a truck and instantly throwing his other arm up to keep his balance, he staggers with his load toward the back door. Hoisting the block of ice into place, he gives a long, loud sigh of relief and drops the shiny quarter into his pocket. Stepping outside the back door, we suddenly realize there is no running water in the kitchen, for here stands the only water pipe around. The galvanized tubs, set upside down by the steps, indicate that here is where most of the bathing occurs. A little footpath leads us to a hand pump, somewhat rusty but still providing a cool refreshing drink--if we can prime the pump. As Dad douses its rusty throat with water, it gurgles for a minute or two, then belches back a flood of sparkling clear spring water, free from the chemicals the law requires of modern water systems. But the pathway doesnt stop here. It winds on out behind a dilapidated shack. No imagination is needed to know where it ends. As dusk approaches we must slip around to the front porch and relax as we enjoy a country sunset. The sky is absolutely breathtaking with its soft ribbons of orange and violet. The sun, ablaze with beauty, casts our long shadows across the porch and onto the wall behind us. Everywhere nature is praising its Maker and singing its night songs. Off in the distance the whip-poor-wills are just starting their nightly lamentations. The crickets and frogs join in while bats dart overhead in search of a juicy tidbit for breakfast. Bats, you see, begin their day at sunset. The house itself joins in the chorus with its creaks and cracks of contraction as the coolness of the evening settles around us. Indeed, a visit to the old homeplace brings back many fond memories, almost making us wish we could turn back the clock to enjoy a few moments of peace and innocence. Â   For practice in re-creating the sentences in Marys essay, see Sentence Combining: My Home of Yesteryear.

Abnormal Psychology - 967 Words

Abnormal Psychology Roshaun Hatchett PSY/410 April 25, 2012 Dr. Christopher Daub Abnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology has been in existence for more than a century. Mental illness was approached from a spiritual point of view. Individuals of certain beliefs would misdiagnose others from the spiritual perspective and would assume that evil spirits controlled his or her’s physical, mental, and observable world (Tyrer, 2010). The following will be covered in this document: the origins of abnormal psychology, classification of normal and abnormal behaviors, how abnormal psychology evolved into a scientific discipline, and the theoretical models related to the development of abnormal psychology. The practice of†¦show more content†¦6). The biological model of abnormity makes the assumption that psychological and behavioral abnormalities have a biological cause. Genetics for example, a tiny abnormality in one’s genes can result in abnormalities in a person’s brain functioning properly and will lead to his or her behavior being abnormal. Chemicals are also an influence or the biological model; the brain depends on a surplus of chemicals to maintain its balance. Neurotransmitters and hormones are needed to send messages to the brain and nervous system. Without the proper amount the brain will function abnormally (Tyrer, 2010). The sociocultural model of abnormality examines the social and cultural trends of everyday world and how environments contribute to mental disorders. â€Å"Sociocultural theorists believe social forces contribute to mental disorders through learning. Individuals learn to adopt behaviors normal and abnormal in response to the social and cultural roles model, ideals, pressures, and stresses they encounter† (Hansel, Damour, 2008, page 216). Abnormal psychology has been changed dramatically over the last century. It has made extraordinary advancements that will assist mentally ill individuals live their abnormal existence and not be mistreated due to these abnormalities. The development of the theoretical mod els was a tremendous step to creativity an organized diagnosis of how toShow MoreRelated Abnormal Psychology2516 Words   |  11 PagesThe field of abnormal psychology engages with the obscure line between normal and abnormal behaviour. This blur is as a result of the dissonance that occurs when the two terms are defined for example, when cultural perspectives are taken into consideration-where behaviour (for example sake, experiencing hallucinations) considered deviant in one population is normalcy in another. In attempt to make the field comprehensive a middle ground was determined by drawing on the common elements or patternsRead MoreThe Psychology Of Abnormal Behavior2157 Words   |  9 PagesThe Psychology of Abnormal Behavior can be describe as has having a behavior that deviates form what is the expected and normal. If abnormal psychology is the study of unusual patterns of behavior, emotion and though, then Hollywood depiction of mental disorder in the movie Helen meets th e criterion of the teaching of Dr. Conley’s Abnormal Psychology class. Goole Play synopsis of the 2008 Sandra Nettelbeck’s Helen. On the outside, Helen( Aheley Judd) has the perfect life a loving family, a beautifulRead MoreAbnormal Psychology1605 Words   |  7 PagesAbnormal Psychology Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. It seeks to comprehend people by understanding mental functions and social behavior. It also explores neurobiological and physiological processes that can drive cognitive functions and behaviors. It is this drive to understand mental processes that pushes psychologists to want to learn about what is normal and abnormal behavior. People have tried for thousands of years to understand and define abnormal behavior. In the past 100Read MoreAbnormal Psychology. Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior20707 Words   |  83 Pages3 CHAPTER Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior CHAPTER OUTLINE HOW ARE ABNORMAL BEHAVIOR PATTERNS METHODS OF ASSESSMENT 80–99 CLASSIFIED? 70–77 The Clinical Interview The DSM and Models of Abnormal Behavior Computerized Interviews Psychological Tests STANDARDS OF ASSESSMENT 77–80 Neuropsychological Assessment Reliability Behavioral Assessment Validity Cognitive Assessment Physiological Measurement SOCIOCULTURAL AND ETHNIC FACTORS IN ASSESSMENT 99–100 SUMMING UP 100–101 TRead MoreQuestions on Abnormal Psychology4701 Words   |  19 Pagesand perceptual factors.   C.Medical, sociological, and psychological factors.   D.Cultural, medical, and gender factors. Answer Key:  A Question 2 of 50 1.0 Points Concerning the cause of dissociative disorders, _______ dominate(s) this field of psychology.   A.theory and speculation   B.statistical analysis from experiments   C.observation and patient interviews   D.experimental research with controlled groups Answer Key:  A Question 3 of 50 1.0 Points Jill was the victim of a fender-bender accidentRead MoreThe Psychology Of Abnormal Psychology1580 Words   |  7 PagesBefore discussing the definition of abnormal psychology, it is first important to identify the real meaning of the word â€Å"Abnormal†. For laymen to be asked of the definition of the word Abnormal, it is common to encounter answers such as people and behaviors that is weird, strange and odd. These characterizations are not enough to fully describe the true and deeper meaning of the word Abnormal. It is important to consider characteristics in defining abnormal such as whether the behavior is causingRead MorePathological Psychology : Abnormal Behavior948 Words   |  4 Pages According to the modern perspective of abnormal psychology, abnormal behavior exists when an individual is behaving dangerously and/or showing patterns of behavior that are dysfunctional. Nevertheless, determining insanity among sanity has proven to be much more complicated than it sou nds. An individual whose behavior strays from societal standards is not necessarily abnormally deviant or insane. John Hu simply exhibits behaviors that are different from that of typical European/French social normsRead MorePathological Psychology : Abnormal Psychology1204 Words   |  5 Pagesdefinition for behavior that is labeled abnormal. It is this way due to the fact that society in its entirety has to agree on normative behavior. Because society will never have the exact same views, opinions, beliefs, or culture, an unmistakable definition will not occur. A simplified definition of this behavior is unusual conduct that goes against what is classified as ordinary in society. The study of this sort of behavior is abnormal psychology. Abnormal psychology focuses on atypical sequences of conductRead MoreAbnormal Psychology Essay855 Words   |  4 PagesAbnormal Psychology Abnormal psychology in the area within psychology that is focused on maladaptive behavior-its causes, consequences, and treatment. Abnormal psychology deals with how it feels to be different, the meanings the get attached to being different, and how society deals with people whom it considers to be different. The spectrum of differences is wide, ranging from reality defying delusions and severe debilitations to worries and behavioral quirks that we would be better off notRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Abnormal Psychology1527 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Cherry (2016), abnormal psychology is a branch within psychology that focuses on behaviour that is unusual and not deemed as normal within society. This branch of psychology is composed of a variety of disorders and their causes as well as possible management and/or treatment. With this in mind and within this assignment, I will discuss the causes of abnormal behaviour, discuss the causes and symptoms of mood disorder as well as discuss the background and importance of Sigmund Freud

J. Pierpont Morgan and Andrew Carnegie Free Essays

Viviana Kucharski AMH 2020 Sep 20 2012 J. Pierpont Morgan Andrew Carnegie It is difficult to image two men born in such a different social condition have so much in common. Two men that opened his way to the success based in hard work and somehow shared that success with others less fortunate. We will write a custom essay sample on J. Pierpont Morgan and Andrew Carnegie or any similar topic only for you Order Now J P Morgan and Andrew Carnegie were two powerful men; disciplined, intelligent, and hard workers. President Roosevelt described J P Morgan as a sincere and trustful man. He developed a social and professional confidence, and his corpulent body and deep black eyes were intimidating. He was born as a natural leader. In the other hand Andrew Carnegie was compassionate, ethic, humble, a truth optimistic. His mother taught him the value of hard work. â€Å"He was devoted to his mother and deeply lover her. † (www. biography. com, minute10’55’). He believed in qualities of all men. Andrew Carnegie was born in Scotland in 1835 in the womb of a working class family. Since school wasn’t mandatory his formal education didn’t start until age of 8, however his father and uncles led his early education. In the other side of the world, in Connecticut, America â€Å"J P Morgan was born into a prosperous mercantile-banking family in 1837†. (American Eras. Vol. 8. ) He was raised in Hartford, Boston, and London. His formal education began in New England schools and continued in Switzerland and Germany. After a year in University his father placed in one of his affiliate firms. Instead, once Andrew arrived to America at age of 13, his school’s days were over. Andrew’s first job was a bobbin boy and then in the O’Reilly Telegraph Company. â€Å"Andrew saw this job as a first step on his road toward success. † (Machen Rau, pg 36. After years or learning and observing, Andrew invested in the Adams Express Company and in the Woodruff Sleeping Car Company and it turned out to be a successful investment that brought him lots of money. Unlike Carnegie, Morgan first job was on the board of a financial firm. Morgan possessed a unique skill at transforming strugg ling business and management to make them highly profitable, and this includes the remorganization of the railroad dramatically affected by the depression of 1893, and the Government of U. S. A. , which he saved twice, first in the Gold treasury Crisis and later in the depression of 1907. Meanwhile, in 1863 Andrew realized that wood structures could be replaced by iron. He formed the Keystone Bridge Company and after years of doubts he finally invested in the Carnegie Steel Company, which Morgan would buy years after to form in 1901 the U. S. Steel Company. In two decades J P Morgan managed the formation of different companies including the well-known General Electric and Carnegie turned his life from being a bobbin boy to being the richest man in the world. Andrew Carnegie and J P Morgan left a tremendous legacy focused in education, scientific research, and foundations. Carnegie’s legacy also includes the improvement in steel quality and its production to make it more affordable. J P Morgan also left a legacy consistent in financial corporations that still working these days touching the life of thousand of people. Andrew Carnegie and J P Morgan were two powerful men that made a fantastic input in the life of millions of people helping to transform America from an agrarian nation to an industrial and economic leader of the world. Sources: †¢ â€Å"Andrew Carnegie: Prince of Steel† 2012. Biography. com Authors: Rick Davis, Jack Perkins, Jaffe Productions; Hearts Entertainment Publisher: New York, New York. Bio. 2008, 1995 http://www. biography. com/people/andrew-carnegie-9238756 †¢ â€Å"J. Pierpont Morgan: emperor of Wall Street† 2012 Biography. com Authors: Jack Perkins; Jaffe Productions; Actuality Productions; Hearts Entertainment Publisher: New York: A ; E Home Video: Distributed in the U. S. by New Video Group, 1996 http://www. biography. com/people/jhon-pierpont-morgan-9414735 †¢ â€Å"John Pierpont Morgan. † American Eras. Vol 8. Detroit: Gale, 1997. Gale Biography In Context. Gale Document Number: Gale|K2438000252 †¢ Dana, Meachen. Captain of Industry. Minneapolis: Compass Point Books, 1971. How to cite J. Pierpont Morgan and Andrew Carnegie, Papers

Quaid E Azam free essay sample

Quaid e Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah- My Hero in History NO Pakistani can study the character and career of Muhammad Ali Jinnah without being carried away by sentimental emotions. We are always inclined to idealize that which we love, a state of mind very unfavorable to the exercise of sober critical judgment. It is therefore not surprising that most of those who have written or spoken on that extraordinary man, even while conscientiously endeavoring to draw a lifelike portraiture of his being, and to form a just estimate of his public conduct, should have drifted into more or less indiscriminating eulogy, painting his great features in the most glowing colors, and covering with tender shadings whatever might look like a blemish. But his standing before posterity will not be exalted by mere praise of his virtues and abilities, nor by any concealment of his limitations and faults. The stature of the great man, one of whose peculiar charms consisted in his being so unlike all other great men, will rather lose than gain by the idealization which so easily runs into the commonplace. For it was distinctly the weird mixture of qualities and forces in him, of the lofty with the common, the ideal with the uncouth, of that which he had become with that which he had not ceased to be, that made him so fascinating a character among his fellow-men, gave him his singular power over their minds and hearts, and fitted him to be the greatest leader in the greatest crisis of our national life Quaid-e-Azam, Muhammad Ali Jinnah was born on 25th December 1876 at Vazeer Mansion Karachi, was the first of seven children of Jinnah bhai, a prosperous merchant. After being taught at home, Jinnah was sent to the Sindh Madrasah High School in 1887. Later he attended the Mission High School, where, at the age of 16, he passed the matriculation examination of the University of Bombay. On the advice of an English friend, his father decided to send him to England to acquire business experience. Jinnah, however, had made up his mind to become a barrister. In keeping with the custom of the time, his parents arranged for an early marriage for him before he left for England. In London he joined Lincolns Inn, one of the legal societies that prepared students for the bar. In 1895, at the age of 19, he was called to the bar. Nevertheless, he completed his formal studies and also made a study of the British political system, frequently visiting the House of Commons. He was greatly influenced by the liberalism of William E. Gladstone, who had become prime minister for the fourth time in 1892, the year of Jinnahs arrival in London. Jinnah also took a keen interest in the affairs of India and in Indian students. When the Parsi leader Dada bhai Naoroji, a leading Indian nationalist, ran for the English Parliament, Jinnah and other Indian students worked day and night for him. Their efforts were crowned with success, and Naoroji became the first Indian to sit in the House of Commons. When Jinnah returned to Karachi in 1896, he found that his fathers business had suffered losses and that he now had to depend on himself. He decided to start his legal practice in Bombay, but it took him years of work to establish himself as a lawyer. It was nearly 10 years later that he turned toward active politics. A man without hobbies, his interest became divided between law and politics. Nor was he a religious zealot: he was a Muslim in a broad sense and had little to do with sects. His interest in women was also limited to Ruttenbai, the daughter of Sir Dinshaw Petit, a Bombay Parsi millionairewhom he married over tremendous opposition from her parents and others. The marriage proved an unhappy one. It was his sister Fatima who gave him solace and company. Entry into politics Jinnah first entered politics by participating in the 1906 Calcutta session of the Indian National Congress, the party that called for dominion status and later for independence for India. Four years later he was elected to the Imperial Legislative Councilthe beginning of a long and distinguished parliamentary career. In Bombay he came to know, among other important Congress personalities, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, the eminent Maratha leader. Greatly influenced by these nationalist politicians, Jinnah aspired during the early part of his political life to become a Muslim Gokhale. Admiration for British political institutions and an eagerness to raise the status of India in the international community and to develop a sense of Indian nationhood among the peoples of India were the chief elements of his politics. At that time, he still looked upon Muslim interests in the context of Indian nationalism. But, by the beginning of the 20th century, the conviction had been growing among the Muslims that their interests demanded the preservation of their separate identity rather than amalgamation in the Indian nation that would for all practical purposes be Hindu. Largely to safeguard Muslim interests, the All-India Muslim League was founded in 1906. But Jinnah remained aloof from it. Only in 1913, when authoritatively assured that the league was as devoted as the Congress to the political emancipation of India, did Jinnah join the league. When the Indian Home Rule League was formed, he became its chief organizer in Bombay and was elected president of the Bombay branch. Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity. Jinnahs endeavors to bring about the political union of Hindus and Muslims earned him the title of the best ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity, an epithet coined by Gokhale. It was largely through his efforts that the Congress and the Muslim League began to hold their annual sessions jointly, to facilitate mutual consultation and participation. In 1915 the two organizations held their meetings in Bombay and in 1916 in Lucknow, where the Lucknow Pact was concluded. Under the terms of the pact, the two organizations put their seal to a scheme of constitutional reform that became their joint demand vis-a-vis the British government. There was a good deal of give and take, but the Muslims obtained one important concession in the shape of separate electorates, already conceded to them by the government in 1909 but hitherto resisted by the Congress Meanwhile, a new force in Indian politics had appeared in the person of Mohan Das K. Gandhi. Both the Home Rule League and the Indian National Congress had come under his sway. Opposed to Gandhis Non-co-operation Movement and his essentially Hindu approach to politics, Jinnah left both the League and the Congress in 1920. For a few years he kept himself aloof from the main political movements. He continued to be a firm believer in Hindu-Muslim unity and constitutional methods for the achievement of political ends. After his withdrawal from the Congress, he used the Muslim League platform for the propagation of his views. But during the 1920s the Muslim League, and with it Jinnah, had been overshadowed by the Congress and the religiously oriented Muslim Khilafat committee. When the failure of the Non-co-operation Movement and the emergence of Hindu revivalist movements led to antagonism and riots between the Hindus and Muslims, the league gradually began to come into its own. Jinnahs problem during the following years was to convert the league into an enlightened political body prepared to co-operate with other organizations working for the good of India. In addition, he had to convince the Congress, as a prerequisite for political progress, of the necessity of settling the Hindu-Muslim conflict. To bring about such a rapprochement was Jinnahs chief purpose during the late 1920s and early 1930s. He worked toward this end within the legislative assembly, at the Round Table Conferences in London (1930-32), and through his 14 points, which included proposals for a federal form of government, greater rights for minorities, one-third representation for Muslims in the central legislature, separation of the predominantly Muslim Sindh region from the rest of the Bombay province, and the introduction of reforms in the north-west Frontier Province. But he failed. His failure to bring about even minor amendments in the Nehru Committee proposals (1928) over the question of separate electorates and reservation of seats for Muslims in the legislatures frustrated him. He found himself in a peculiar position at this time; many Muslims thought that he was too nationalistic in his policy and that Muslim interests were not safe in his hands, while the Indian National Congress would not even meet the moderate Muslim demands halfway. Indeed, the Muslim League was a house divided against itself. The Punjab Muslim League repudiated Jinnahs leadership and organized itself separately. In disgust, Jinnah decided to settle in England. From 1930 to 1935 he remained in London, devoting himself to practice before the Privy Council. But when constitutional changes were in the offing, he was persuaded to return home to head a reconstituted Muslim League. Soon preparations started for the elections under the Government of India Act of 1935. Jinnah was still thinking in terms of co-operation between the Muslim League and the Hindu Congress and with coalition governments in the provinces. But the elections of 1937 proved to be a turning point in the relations between the two organizations The Congress obtained an absolute majority in six provinces, and the league did not do particularly well. The Congress decided not to include the league in the formation of provincial governments, and exclusive all-Congress governments were. Jinnah had originally been dubious about the practicability of Pakistan, an idea that Sir Muhammad Iqbal had propounded to the Muslim League conference of 1930; but before long he became convinced that a Muslim homeland on the Indian subcontinent was the only way of safeguarding Muslim interests and the Muslim way of life. It was not religious persecution that he feared so much as the future exclusion of Muslims from all prospects of advancement within India as soon as power ecame vested in the close-knit structure of Hindu social organization. To guard against this danger he carried on a nation-wide campaign to warn his coreligionists of the perils of their position, and he converted the Muslim League into a powerful instrument for unifying the Muslims into a nation. The Creator of Pakistan At this point, Jinnah emerged as the leader of a renascent Muslim nation. Events began to move fast. On March 22-23, 1940, in Lahore, the league adopted a resolution to form a separate Muslim sta te, Pakistan. The Pakistan idea was first ridiculed and then tenaciously opposed by the Congress. But it captured the imagination of the Muslims. Pitted against Jinnah were men of the stature of Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru. And the British government seemed to be intent on maintaining the political unity of the Indian subcontinent. But Jinnah led his movement with such skill and tenacity that ultimately both the Congress and the British government had no option but to agree to the partitioning of India.

Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essay Example

Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay Essay Introduction The essay shall research and analyze the theoretical underpinnings and cardinal elements of critical societal work. The history shall so depict appraisal in societal work pattern contexts and see how critical societal work theories like Marxism, Feminism, Radical Social work and Post Modernism have shaped pattern. A scope of values runing from personal, professional, institutional, organizational or bureau, political, spiritual and cultural necessarily characteristic and must be dealt with in pattern. Over and above this lies the societal justness, emancipatory docket vehicle by anti-oppressive attacks. Empathy is required and the societal worker must be in the clients places ( Egan, 1998 ) . Theoretical bases and attacks enable practicians to traverse societal divides and be with the client in a supportive manner in an accountable and ethical mode. Vast energy must be invested to chase away and dispute both the personal and the structural dominant forces of oppressive patterns. The writer shall try to show how theories have shaped the response approaches to serve bringing and contributed to professional pattern. Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Critical Social Work Theoretical Frameworks Social Work Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The outgrowth of Socialism, Marxism, Liberalism and Conservativism shaped the emerging social professions at the bend of the 20th century wholly and reshaped the mode in which life was understood. How the societal, political, economic shaped that world became core in gestating world and the manner worlds reacted to the universe around them. In most instances socially constructed worlds could be explained through the stuff worlds if one was to look at the universe through a Marxist position. The 1960-70s reading of societal jobs, described as the rediscovery of poorness . Marxist rules understood the universe as socially divided by category, rendering some categories more susceptible to poverty than others as economically determined by holding no control of the agencies of production. Marxist theory locates category battle as a agency of righting this sort of socio-economic instability and the inequality The nucleus elements in this stage were manners of production and power, the eq uality that came with the bundle and the desire for alteration, societal alteration could merely be achieved through category battle. The human place could therefore be understood as driven and controlled by the external, in this instance the hapless as the laden group desired alteration. Social work s function involves working with people s lives, societal jobs centred on poorness and disadvantage and the nucleus concern involves set uping balance, societal stableness and societal justness. Intervention without disputing societal exclusion, inequality and poorness has proved to be deficient yet traditional societal work pathologised the person. At the early stages societal work was more about keeping public order and stamp downing civil agitation and category battle instead than acquiring down to the nucleus issues of poorness relief and disputing the beginnings and grounds for the differences that affected the people. Norms of behavior and life style for the people were determined by the eligibility standard as the beneficiary elements of philanthropic intercessions more than rights driven determiners. Extremist societal work emerged to instil that it was in fact a political activity. Social work should be about back uping those in demand, disputing inequality and societal alteration, non societal control covering with material worlds. With extremist societal work emerged the community component in societal work, witting raising attack, gradual incremental alteration in the procedure and oppositional activism. As the profession developed critical societal work begins to understand oppressive forces and work to retrace power instabilities ( Thompson, 2007 ; Dominelli, 1988 ; Braye and Preston-Shoot Extremist societal work had been excessively minimalistic and was criticised for over concentrating on category and paying no attending to other signifiers of inequalities. Bhatti- Sinclair ( 2011 ) argues that social workers remain committed to human rights, moralss and values and continuously seek a sharper apprehension of how to use theoretical constructs found in cosmopolitan human-centered rules, professional moralss and national jurisprudence, policy and process . ( twelve ) Inclusivity and citizenship are the chief marks in critical societal work pattern as opposed to sing people as corporate groups ( Glaister, 2008 ) . Anti-oppressive pattern thereby pursues societal justness and challenges pattern favoritism and subjugation bluffly. Battle with societal world must affect critiquing of societal systems and constructions, and set platforms for societal alteration and difference. The attack has an ethical committedness to societal justness by exposing inequalities and disputin g unequal power kineticss in society. The mode in which society maps has constructions that can either oppress or emancipate some societal groups. As the practician works, there is doubtless the challenge of professionally compliant. Social Work Practice Approaches Critical societal work pattern at all times engages with how other people on the other societal, cultural, spiritual divide are understood by us. Understanding diverseness and how personal positions and values are located must be a changeless brooding professional committedness. Personal or social perceptual experiences are shaped over clip or driven by historical and socio-political realities/environments must be understood. Where stereotypes have been shaped over clip in persons ; a professional operational base must be adopted. Braye, S A ; Preston-Shoot, M ( 2003 ) dispute hypocritical professionalism by reasoning that personal values and attitudes will ever be at that place, the issue is that they should non impact effectual service bringing. This is the bosom of critical societal work pattern ; being able to exceed the personal and being a professional. Social work can dispute or keep position quo and that societal workers are invested with power to care and command. In the context of what shall be discussed subsequently about appraisals, Braye A ; Preston-Shoot ( 2003 ) province that, Preparation for and reappraisal of pattern requires workers to understand themselves, their relationship with and impact on others, and their strengths and failings in relation to keeping a professional function ( 2003:135 ) . Respect is necessary both when working with service users and fellow co-workers. As explored in Thompson s theoretical account Personal computers, Social work must research the personal, cultural and structural dimensions of favoritism, and how these come together, and can be challenged in different ways ( Dominelli, 2009 ) . Social work must non reenforce subjugation, favoritism or any inequality. Social work can reenforce patriarchal and other oppressive systems and power dealingss. There are societal worlds that societal work either challenges reinforce, statistically cultural minority groups by and large experience higher rates of unemployment, live in poorer lodging, have poorer wellness, lower degrees of academic accomplishment, higher rates of exclusions from schools and are over-represented in prison statistics. Families who are from black and cultural minority groups are more likely to be referred to kids s societal work services, receive support services subsequently, and kids are more likely to travel into the attention system. There are other signifiers of bias, inequality and favoritism which can cross, and these can impact people in many different ways. In visible radiation of these nonsubjective worlds, what could be the drivers of such worlds? What thoughts are generated about the societal group and how could this impact on a practician s opinion when covering with an person from BME groups. The same applies when working with Unaccompanied Asylum Seeking Children, consciousness of professional duty and a societal justness attack when carry oning an age appraisal must be the pattern base. The Human rights and kid rights must be suitably accorded without favoritism. Another illustration is that of female parent blaming in a kid protection instances. Feminist theory has challenged this gendered attack to job work outing where the female is largely at the Centre of the job yet ignores the work forces from the societal causal matrix. As a consequence of critical societal work a displacement has developed where the whole domestic environment and people must be portion of the issue at manus. If all are non challenged this pattern reinforces the involvements of some groups over others and oppresses adult females. Assessment Procedure Middleton ( 1997 ) describes appraisal as portion of the planning docket affecting assemblage and construing information in order to understand a individual and their fortunes. It involves doing opinions based on information. ( Middleton, 1997:5 ) . The procedure here involves regard for the person s values, their nucleus individuality and opinions are made without being judgemental. Selective and stereotyped considerations must be avoided, labelling and categorizing people and overlooking their individualism and can let elements of favoritism to pervade the procedure which must otherwise non be affected by single values and positions. As argued by Clifford ( 1998 ) it is of import that societal workers check their single prejudices and guarantee that these do non impact the mode in which they undertake appraisals. In direct nexus with critical societal work, appraisals must be informed by critical theory to heighten a balanced, merely and anti-oppressive appraisal procedure. Personal positions held by the societal worker must non busy any infinite in the appraisal procedure for the interest of justness, just entree to services anti-discriminatory pattern. Parker and Bradley ( 2005 ) argue that a balanced attack of an assessment involves wisdom, accomplishments, grasp of diverseness and consistently applied cognition in direct pattern. Service users must experience that they benefit from the appraisal procedure for it to be effectual ( Addock, 2001 ) and the societal worker and household members must jointly lend to the procedure. This engagement enriches the procedure and eliminates subjective attacks to the appraisal. Social work pattern and critical attacks intersect ; the worker must be witting of their personal beliefs and values and strike a responsible, ethical and professional balance in the mode the appraisal and intercession is conducted and be honest and expressed with service users. ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005: 7 ) . Extensive cognition of the service user s environmental and living systems and the wider systems that impinge on them must be cardinal determiners in appraisals ( Parker A ; Bradley 2005:13 ) .Service user engagement is authorising and demonstrates citizenship and self driven duty as human worth. Understanding power kineticss in appraisals Power dealingss inherent in the societal work procedure must be carefully managed and guarantee a balanced contributory attack whereby an exchange theoretical account would can follow to admit that the service users are experts of their state of affairss. Service users and societal workers exchange thoughts, information and ways forward to do a difference and happen alternate ways of nearing as corporate spouses ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005:14 ) . In footings of accomplishments this involves actively listening to service users being available for them, a professional and non-judgemental or non directing attack, consecutive and honorable talk and societal justness chase. ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005 ) . Child centred appraisals must be informed by kid development theories, ecological attacks, guaranting equality of chance, engagement of households and an interagency attack ensures corporate originative intercessions. When working with unaccompanied refuge seeking kids for illustration, Culturegrams aid in analyzing the impact of civilization in the lives of those persons and households being assessed ( Parker A ; Bradley, 2005:50-53 ) . This can be really utile when working with BME groups every bit good as refugees and refuge searchers in a broader context. Valuess of the households and persons are explored and these aid determine the nature of the intercession where the single shapes the class of the intercession as opposed to it being driven by the powerful professionals. Multiculturalism and societal work Multiculturalism is a twenty-first Century challenge as citizenship acknowledgment and integrating a modern society feature. Critical multiculturalism suggests that societal workers need to intellectually prosecute with the issues of difference and citizenship, in a mode that detaches pattern from monoculturalist norms ( Powell, 2001:146 ) . Social workers are practically challenged to interrogate the value premises of their attack and assess rules and values they use in pattern. If societal workers are to avoid narrative repression, they need to be capable of disputing dianoetic hierarchies of intending in their pattern . ( Powell, 2001:146 ) . This becomes the automatic constituent in the intercession. This involves disputing the really systems that they use and anteroom for the alteration in structural elements that could be suppressing the really people they would be working with. Feminist societal work engages in righting gender inequalities, this could be the female parent faulting attitude that it challenges. Critical societal work engages a demand for consciousness by practicians, a transmutation of cultural attitudes around race dealingss, homosexual rights and the relationship between gender, civilization and power and of the demand for anti-discriminatory pattern ( Powell, 2001:149 ) . In order to run into the professional demands of the profession, societal workers must seek counsel and shut the spread between personal values and professional pattern. This must do changeless mention to human rights, equality, favoritism and racism ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) . Fook ( 2000 ) argues that adept critical societal workers are able to make critical cognition which challenges and resists all signifiers of domination. Anti-racist pattern Dominelli ( 2008 ) points out that anti-racist pattern beyond that presented in Thompson s ( 2007 ) PCS theoretical account by underscoring on its interactive nature. For Dominelli ( 2008 ) racism is a multidimensional signifier of subjugation over and above favoritism Institutional and Cultural racism are structurally associated and viewed as less immorality than the personal racism which society scowls upon, yet the is no better racism. If practicians manus over duty of BME issues to BME staff this may be debatable as it may ensue in a deficiency of duty by white societal workers to anti-racist pattern and reinforce difference. Institutional patterns must be professionally compliant ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011:128 ) at their ain degree. Treatment of black families/children hits them every twenty-four hours and there are challenges that the societal workers have to cover with in the face of these ingrained stereotyped positions of the good white household and the bad black household. Dominelli ( 2008 ) argues that challenging how white people perceive black households is merely possible within positive swearing relationships. Mobile colonists fall into the same class where as the minority cultural groups where stereotyped premises exist that can act upon the societal work procedure. To work with persons on the autistic spectrum requires cognition and apprehension of autism. Knowledge of the status s features, the basic apprehension of the three of damages is necessary for usage in the societal work procedure. The persons must non be viewed as unwilling to prosecute due their limited societal interaction accomplishments but must be understood and appropriate communicating systems used. For illustration, alternatively of speaking through an appraisal ; image boards, games of their involvement, familiar environments and utilizing their preferable manner of communicating would assist to affect them, prosecute them and take a possible stereotyped position that they can non do determinations. If this procedure does non affect them, the likeliness is that anti-oppressive pattern would hold been failed. Good pattern recognises individualism and this permeates through the societal work procedure. Assessment procedure in pattern The writer s work experience with a 40 twelvemonth old autistic adult male in Coventry stands as a alone illustration of the complexness of service user engagement and creativeness aimed at raising the degree of positive results in reexamining a attention program. The lone established entree point for his parts was when he was off from place, on the coach. During any travel by coach, he livened up and opened up, expressed his positions about the service he was having and it was the best clip to measure the support attention program, colloquially in a coach. Working around the person s universe helped the societal attention supplier to make out to the really of import demands that an office based appraisal could non accomplish. The coach environment had no powerful/powerless unequal binary moral force in it. It was his comfort zone. Failure to recognize single likes, compulsions and centripetal issues in autistic persons can impede the societal work procedure. Effective appraisals can merely be accomplishable when the service user is located at the Centre of the procedure by usage of attacks that promote societal alteration and justness. Challenging favoritism in pattern Childs are frequently described as vulnerable, guiltless, in demand of protection and missing experience. If non carefully approached the kid may be sidelined from the appraisal procedure and overshadowed by grownup thoughts. If it is about abuse in the place, it is the kid s experience and non the grownup s experience that must take precedency with the kid as the expert. The Scating Report emphasised the demand to see the universe through the eyes of the kid . The function of the societal worker in pattern is to dispute favoritism, exclusion of socially excluded groups like kids. Childs have been looked at as topics and the critical attack locates them as able to determine and voice. Failure to recognize kids and the societal worker s comparatively powerful place practicians reinforce subjugation. The critical practician engages service users to ease the relation of their narratives in the appraisal procedure. Law is used to counter oppressive pattern and sets out operational parametric quantities for professionals to cover with racism and be cognizant that favoritism is improper ( Race dealingss Act 1976 A ; Equality Act 2006, Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) .To overcome the pattern challenge, societal workers have looked up to anti-racist advocators for counsel on methods and theoretical accounts which respond ethically, efficaciously and expeditiously to day-to-day challenges and quandary ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) . Training and bing regulative organic structures like the HCPC enable pattern to be justness based by necessitating professionalism by the work force through conformity and counsel. The Professional capablenesss Framework requires the worker to Recognise and pull off the impact on people of the power invested in your function ( PCF 33 ) and criterions of proficiency calls on the demand to recognise the power kineticss in relationships with service users and carers and be able to pull off those kineticss suitably ( SoPS 2.8 ) . Formalised appraisals assistance in shooting consistence Crisp et Al ( 2005 ) argues that the absence of a formalistic appraisal model consequences in subjective appraisals. Professionally trained and skilled workers heighten a just appraisal. Appraisals must non merely look at behavior, but besides the cause of the behavior in a holistic manner in order to do right opinions and this is achieved through service user engagement in the procedure. Milner A ; Byr ne, ( 2002 ) posit that the appraisal there is demand for mapping before be aftering the appraisal journey. This involves cognizing the kid, prosecuting them and pulling their strengths in order to determine appropriate support ( Dominelli A ; Payne, 2002 ) . Engagement Effective anti-racist, anti-oppressive pattern must be drawn from pattern intelligence, applied research and service users involvement. Empowering pattern has an engagement and integrating constituent as opposed to exclusion pattern attacks by deficiency of appropriate linguistic communication and civilization consciousness ( Bhatti- Sinclair, 2011 ) .Structurally, good planned and coordinated appraisals and intercessions involve the service user and must react sensitively to their demands. Awareness of our ain biass and past experiences and thoughts must be non-threatening to clients ( Lindsay, 2010 ) .Interactive polarization between the societal worker and client can sabotage societal work effectiveness whereupon households and persons are pathologised either as unapproachable or immune. Positive communicating enhances the relationship edifice ( Kaprowska 2010:5 ) which is the key to an accurate appraisal. Persons with disablements frequently argue that societal workers appraisals of them emphasise more on damage and less on being seen as human, alternatively appraisals must research their single abilities. In add-on when working with persons who use minority linguistic communications it can go a barrier for an accurate appraisal hence the demand to be after appraisals for these persons with full consciousness of this cardinal communicating component in order to guarantee the service user s engagement. This could be necessitated by transcribers or minority linguistic communication talking societal workers. Similarly, when working with the aged, appraisals must observe abilities and non reenforce ageist stereotypes, shared power and agreed way rule. Decision The construct of critical pattern locates the societal worker as an active participant in a procedure of construing and understanding relationships and communicating that must cut across difference. Over and above premises, biass, personal beliefs, structural models ; the critical practician must be automatic and engaged in an empowering manner whilst being cognizant of personal and socio-cultural beginnings and belief systems and disputing all signifiers of subjugation. Appropriate accomplishments and knowledge must be incorporated for the societal work procedure to be effectual.

World Bank IMF essays

World Bank IMF essays Debt repayments divert money away from basic life-saving health care in the world's poorest countries. The UN estimates that if funds were diverted back into health and education from debt repayment, the lives of seven million children a year could be saved. That is 134,000 children a week. In todays global village one cannot ignore the other eighty percent of the world that lives in poverty. The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) are two organizations that have been put in place to help third world countries get out of debt, but instead have further hurt the country. The World Bank and IMF instead of helping developing nations have been helping their contributors. The organizations have damaged a nations economy, privatized many government run programs, reduced funding to social programs and have put in place many harmful Structural Adjustment Plans (SAPs). The World Bank and The IMF have also contributed to the destruction of the environment in developing na tions. They introduced harmful chemicals that are used to get larger yields in crops, have forced countries to produce cash crops to repay debts, have funded large dams that disrupt life, and encouraged the use of fossil fuel. The World Bank and the IMF have a negative impact on both the development and the environment of the nations that they are allegedly trying to give aid to. The World Bank was formed in 1944 and is made up of five closely related branches. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD). The IBRD provides loans and advice on development to middle income countries and creditworthy poorer countries. IBRD sells bonds to richer countries to help provide money for the country in need. The International Development Association (IDA) is part of the Banks poverty reduction mission. It focuses in on poorer countries of the world. The International Finance Corporation (IFC) finances priv...

Launching Energy-R Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 2

Launching Energy-R - Case Study Example It is regarded by many critics that marketing is the most crucial of all the functional aspects of the business; it can be argued that marketing is the prime means for attracting a customer, and without customers, there is little that the other departments are going to do. Marketing is important in helping the company to construct upon their corporate and business foundations, and to use them to solidify their goals. In order to further the objectives of the business, the business needs to consider the bigger picture. From the perspective of launching a product in the market, the bigger picture would entail exploring the market potential for the product, researching the competitors in the market giving particular attention to their strengths and weaknesses, coming up with an appropriate marketing strategy for the product and selecting suitable marketing channels. Moreover, it is also important to develop apposite measures for managing and supervising the launch of the product in the market. The purpose of this paper is to research the market potential for an energy drink in London, UK, and to go through the aforementioned process of launching a product. The energy drink is called Energy-R. The initial part of the paper reviews the literature explaining strategic and operational literature. There are various marketing orientations that the customers show towards the consumption of products. Functioning businesses have two main purposes. Firstly, they are working for the retention of the customers that they have attracted. Secondly, businesses are endeavoring to attract new customers and increase their clientele. There are a number of philosophies that can be implemented for the attainment of these two goals of the business. The first philosophy relates to the production concept. This means that all consumers are going to consume those products that are not only within the range of affordability but are also easily and extensively found.